CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE GREAT LAKES REGION

The USA has reneged on the Kyoto treaty and denies that global warming is a reality. Any education and advancement of prudent practice in this country will have to come from other sectors than the federal government. Our music illustrates some of the threads of a very complicated web.

After many hours of gathering field recordings from some of the most polluted areas on the Great Lakes, we are constructing a piece of music to confront these issues. The three tracks on this CD could be used alone, or together, depending on venue and resources. 1. A sound installation of slowly shifting tones in which one pitch remains static while the other imperceptibly ascends. Some listeners could deny that the notes were changing at first, but eventually all would admit that they were rising. We seek to educate the audience in the power of empirical data to show us trends and warn us of dangers that we cannot perceive with our senses alone. 2. water/white, a room which audiences enter to see the back of two television monitors broadcasting light against the far wall. One television shows white noise, while the other a scene of rushing water. Two speakers will carry their soundtrack, but are crossed so that the pictures and sounds don't match. White noise is the combination of all different frequencies at once, and a large rush of turbulent water sounds much the same. This soothing blend of sounds will keep the viewer guessing as they circle round to see what is casting blue light on the walls. The presentation of sounds produced by man and sounds produced by nature highlight the dichotomy that we revealed as we constructed our third element, the sound collage. 3. The sound collage is an example of 'real world music' in which field recording played a key role. A detailed key and explanation of each sounds' relevance in the work can be found below. The sound collage is a short demo of a larger 60 minute piece. With the 4 months from the conference to the exhibit we will clean the sounds, formalize the structure, and gather more relevant sounds.


Source list: Captured Sound Recordings
Grocery Store, Chicago IL
Grocery fishing for food and recreation. Having good conservation practices are good in many ways, while denigrating the environment is bad in many ways. For instance, pollution from industry can not only contribute greenhouse gases to trap energy from the sun in our atmosphere, but they also emit toxic mercury which can accumulate in fish until reaching levels in expectant mothers that cause birth defects. Global warming may be an insidiously refutable cause for naysayers, yet is also direly relevant to the person standing at the fish counter in their local grocery store. Global warming would also have even more direct effects on human health under even the most minimal changes in temperature. Waterborne organisms like e.coli, and vectors for disease like mosquitos will multiply. In another example, heat related deaths will double in Milwaukee with a 3 degree F increase. (www.usgcrp.gov Climate Change Impacts on the US: Great Lakes)
Woodridge IL
Ducks in a small pond of a housing subdivision. Despite being a remote, far-flung suburb about 30 miles from the lakes, Woodridge is nonetheless a part of the sprawling urban waste that contiguously stretches north to Wisconsin, and south through Indiana all the way to Michigan. A lack of habitat and earlier migration patterns caused by global warming have been noticed by scientists, who debate the serious implications for wildlife who once used the fertile swamps surrounding Lake Michigan as resting places on their migration.
Oak Creek Wisconsin -coal plant
Lake shore wave sounds within sight of Oak Creek Coal Power Plant. Freshwater consumption from coal plants is massive but compared to other pollutants they cause, does not receive a lot of attention. ("Low water consumption: a new goal for coal - Innovations." Environmental Health Perspectives April 2004 by Lance Frazer)
Coal plants use lake water, which some predict will be one of the world's most valuable commodities in this century. Frequently cited greenhouse gas emissions have attracted the most attention to global warming however. "If we burn all the fossil fuels left underground, the globe will warm by up to 13°C, according to an assessment which looks beyond 2100." (NewScientist) UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
Milwaukee Wisconsin
A walleye fish dinner in an elegant restaurant on the lake. Waterside real estate values, recreational use, overfishing, urbanization, and transportation all come together in a single plate of food.
Single-Family Apartment:
These sounds represent the water consumption in a condo. This usage, in a building of 500 in a city of 5 million is magnified as an enormous strain on the water supply of the Great Lakes.
-Humidifier boiling water: One great danger is that the water temperature of the Great Lakes will increase themselves. "Warmer temperatures could degrade water quality by decreasing dissolved oxygen in the water and increasing the growth of algae." "A recent EPA study found that a warming of 4.5 degrees F over the next 70 years could cut the habitat of brook, rainbow, cutthroat, and brown trout by one fourth to one." (www.nps.gov Global Climate Change and the Great Lakes)
-Bathtub faucet running: the Great Lakes have 20% of worlds freshwater. "In the Midwest, most areas are expected to see a decline in rainwater runoff under global warming. 'This particular kind of change would be expected to have effects on drinking water availability, irrigation, and water levels in the Great Lakes.'" said John Magnuson of the University of Wisconsin-Madison. (Global Climate Change: What Does It Mean for the Midwest and the Great Lakes? A Report on the September 10, 1997 EPA Regional Conference sponsored by the EPA Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation, Office of Economy and Environment.)
Beaubien Woods Calumet IL
The small, neglected wood preserve in between two landfills, next to an interstate. Sounds recorded during a snow storm.
- Invasive species and encroachment have already produced great changes in forests like beaubien woods. When conservationists attempt to stem the tide of incoming species, they need to ask themselves whether sowing native plants into the soil will be a long term solution in a changing climate. Even ignoring the effects of transportation and industry, can our native species sustain life in a habitat growing steadily warmer? (Jonathan Vanderbrug, Field Museum of Chicago)
Eggers Grove
This lakeside forest has more serenity than any other location in Calumet, yet still has predominant traffic sounds, jets, high voltage lines cutting through slag fields in its center, and a history of misuse.
Calumet River
- A bustling panorama of the steel industry. The southwest corner of Lake Michigan is an important juncture for the coal and steel industries, transportation, the largest railroad hub in the country, a confluence of roads, the stopping point of naval shipping routes, and a mandatory stop for birds migrating over the Great Lakes. Calumet gets its name from the peace pipe that Native-Americans would make treaties with, and the name stuck because Calumet was frequently the junction where these meetings could logically take place.
Dominion Power Company
The Dominion Power Company looms over the small recreational bay where a large flock of birds take refuge. The CO2 Dominion's plants create aggregates in plants which lowers their nutritional value for insects, and results in decreased life all the way through the food chain.
For various reasons, the Midwest has not grown much warmer, but extreme peaks and valleys of temperature and precipitation have become aggravated. (Report: Climate change may scar Great Lakes area. Bill McAuliffe, Star tribune, Minneapolis February 12, 2006 )

Some Concepts of the sound collage in outline:
-Confluence of nature and industry.
-Illusory domestication of water. How we can shape, reverse, thaw, melt, boil, channel, funnel, run, pipe, water at will but water is merciless and always finds a way to be wild. Ultimately our practices harm ourselves though.
-Water running in condo and in nature - differences.
-When you finally find that beautiful natural moment, it is tainted.
-Perception - drawing information from environment - bombarded for the audience contradictory signals like global warming.
-Great lakes are intrinsically connected. Forces of nature are still adapting or succumbing to industrial zones.
-Wide variety of ways that humans need and use the Great Lakes.
-Shipping and importing invasive species.
-What effect does climate change have on the lakes ?

See images of the recording sources: click here.
Joshua Manchester and Brian Trump

Download our music here: Shifting Tones 20:00 .mp3 /// White Water 3:00 .mp3 /// Pastiche 10:00 .mp3

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